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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 36: e20210238, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421782

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is associated with a decline in ventilatory muscle strength and lung function. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) based on anaerobic threshold (AT) has been used to minimize the impact of CABG on these parameters, but the long-term impact is unknown. Objective To test the hypothesis that AT-based IMT improves inspiratory muscle strength and lung function even six months after CABG. Methods This is a randomized controlled clinical trial. In the preoperative period, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), vital capacity (VC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate were assessed. On the first postoperative day, patients were randomized into two groups: AT-based IMT (IMT-AT) (n=21) where the load was prescribed based on glycemic threshold and conventional IMT (IMT-C) (n=21), with load of 40% of MIP. Patients were trained during hospitalization until the day of discharge and were assessed at discharge and six months later. For within-group comparison, paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test was used, and independent Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the different time points. A p<0.05 was considered significant. Results At six months after CABG surgery, statistical difference was found between the IMT-AT and the IMT-C groups in MIP (difference between the means of -5cmH2; 95% CI=- 8.21to-1.79) and VC (difference between the means of -2ml/kg;95%CI=-3.87to-0.13). No difference was found between groups in the other variables analyzed. Conclusion IMT-AT promoted greater recovery of inspiratory muscle strength and VC after six months of CABG when compared to conventional training.

2.
Fisioter. Bras ; 22(6): 871-880, Fevereiro 7, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358293

ABSTRACT

)Introdução: A pressão positiva expiratória nas vias aéreas (EPAP) é a aplicação de uma resistência expiratória para manter a pressão positiva nas vias aéreas e também tem sido amplamente utilizada para prevenir possíveis complicações no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Objetivo: Descrever o comportamento da oxigenação e hemodinâmica durante o uso de EPAP em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RM). Métodos: Estudo transversal que avaliou saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e média (PAM), pressão arterial de oxigênio (PaO2), pressão arterial de dióxido de carbono (PaCO2) e índice de oxigenação calculado dividindo a PaO2 pela fração inspirada de oxigênio (FiO2), os pacientes foram avaliados em repouso, no primeiro dia de pós-operatório. A EPAP foi realizada com o paciente em sedestação na poltrona e uma gasometria arterial foi coletada e analisada para verificar os valores de PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2 e PaO2/FiO2. Foi aplicada uma resistência expiratória de 12 cmH2O por dez minutos. Imediatamente após a aplicação do EPAP, os pacientes tiveram nova análise gasométrica e a hemodinâmica analisada. Resultados: 58 pacientes, 41 (71%) do sexo masculino e com idade média de 54 ± 8 anos foram avaliados. O uso de EPAP no pós-operatório levou à melhora de todas as variáveis gasométricas, exceto PaCO2. Houve uma melhora na SaO2 (%) pré-EPAP 94 ± 3 e pós-EPAP 98 ± 2, PaO2/FiO2 pré-EPAP 279 ± 10 e pós-EPAP 346 ± 8, PaO2 (mmHg) pré-EPAP 78 ± 8 e pós-EPAP 97 ± 7. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a aplicação do EPAP teve um impacto positivo na oxigenação em pacientes submetidos à RM sem gerar efeitos adversos na hemodinâmica. (AU)


Subject(s)
Thoracic Surgery , Oxygenation , Respiratory Rate , Arterial Pressure , Heart Rate , Hemodynamics
3.
J. health sci. (Londrina) ; 23(4): 323-326, 20211206.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354098

ABSTRACT

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading the causes of hospital admissions, being one of the main public health problems in Brazil, and one of the forms of treatment is cardiac surgery, being more prevalent in older people who have several other comorbidities associated. This study aimed to describe the clinical and surgical profile of patients undergoing valve replacement. Thus, an ambispective study was carried out with patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia. An analysis was carried out in the patients' medical records in search of data related to their clinical and surgical profile. During the research period, 55 patients underwent valve replacement, 10 of which were excluded. Thus, 45 patients were evaluated, with 28 (62%) male participants with a mean age of 43 ± 6 years, hypertension and sedentary lifestyle were the most common comorbidities (49% and 56% respectively) and 60% with the Body Mass Index within the normal range. Regarding the surgical characteristics, the extracorporeal circulation time was 211 ± 22 minutes and the Mechanical Ventilation time was 6 ± 2 hours. Based on the findings, it can be characterized that patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery are over 40 years old, male, sedentary, hypertensive. (AU)


Resumo As doenças cardiovasculares têm liderado as causas de internação hospitalar, sendo um dos principais problemas de saúde publica no Brasil, sendo que umas das formas de tratamento é a cirurgia cardíaca, sendo mais prevalente em pessoas com idade mais avançada, e que possuem várias outras comorbidades associadas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil clínico e cirúrgico de pacientes submetidos à troca valvar. Para isso foi realizado um estudo ambispectivo com os pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia. Foi feita uma análise no prontuário dos pacientes na busca de dados relacionados ao seu perfil clinico e cirúrgico. Durante o período da pesquisa foram submetidos a troca valvar 55 pacientes sendo que 10 foram excluídos. Desse modo foram avaliados 45 pacientes, com 28 (62%) participantes do sexo masculino com idade média de 43 ± 6 anos, hipertensão e sedentarismo as comorbidades mais encontradas (49% e 56% respectivamente) e 60% com o Índice de Massa Corpórea dentro da normalidade. Em relação às características cirúrgicas o tempo da circulação extracorpórea 211 ± 22 minutos e o tempo de Ventilação Mecânica 6 ± 2 horas. Com base nos achados podese caracterizar que os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca de troca de válvulas têm mais de 40 anos, do gênero masculino, sedentários, hipertensos. (AU)

4.
Fisioter. Bras ; 22(3): 290-305, Jul 15, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284263

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) causes changes in the respiratory musculature that affects functional capacity and postoperative complications (POC). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a tool used for these patients, but it is not known what the best form is to increase strength. Objective: To investigate whether IMT with a linear pressure load device is superior to the inspiratory incentive on functional capacity and muscle strength of patients undergoing CABG. Methods: This is a clinical trial. Patients were assessed preoperatively for inspiratory muscle pressure (MIP), expiratory pressure (MEP), peak expiratory flow (PEF), six-minute walk test (6MWT) and functional independence measure (FIM). After surgery, they were divided into three groups: control group (CG), training group with linear pressure load (IMT) and inspiratory incentive group (IG). On the day of discharge, all patients had their previous variables reassessed. Results: The study included 56 patients, 31 (55.4%) were male and an average age of 55 ± 12 years. There was a significant reduction in all variables, in relation to MIP, the IMT showed a higher value in the postoperative period 83 ± 19 cmH2O, against 70 ± 15 cmH2O in the CG and 80 ± 15 cmH2O in the IG (p < 0.001). The same behavior was observed in MEP, 77 ± 12 cm H2O in IMT, 67 ± 14 cmH2O in CG and 75 ± 10 cmH2O in IG (p < 0.001). Regarding the 6 MWT, there was a lesser loss in the IMT from 434 ± 15 m to 398 ± 20 m in IG (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that muscle training with a linear pressure load device is superior to training with incentive on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients undergoing CABG. (AU)


Introdução: A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) causa alterações na musculatura respiratória que afetam a capacidade funcional e complicações pós-operatórias (DCP). O treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) é uma ferramenta utilizada por esses pacientes, mas não se sabe qual é a melhor forma de aumentar a força. Objetivo: Investigar se o TMI com dispositivo de carga de pressão linear é superior ao incentivo inspiratório na capacidade funcional e força muscular de pacientes submetidos à CRM. Métodos: Este é um ensaio clínico. Os pacientes foram avaliados no pré-operatório para pressão muscular inspiratória (PImáx), pressão expiratória (PEF), pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE), teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6) e medida de independência funcional (MIF). Após a cirurgia, eles foram divididos em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), grupo treinamento com carga linear de pressão (IMT) e grupo incentivo inspiratório (GI). No dia da alta, todos os pacientes tiveram suas variáveis anteriores reavaliadas. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 56 pacientes, 31 (55,4%) eram do sexo masculino e idade média de 55 ± 12 anos. Houve redução significativa em todas as variáveis, em relação à PImáx, o IMT apresentou valor maior no pós-operatório 83 ± 19 cmH2O, contra 70 ± 15 cmH2O no GC e 80 ± 15 cmH2O no GI (p < 0,001). O mesmo comportamento foi observado na PEmáx, 77 ± 12 cmH2O no IMT, 67 ± 14 cmH2O no GC e 75 ± 10 cmH2O no GI (p < 0,001). Em relação ao TC6, houve menor perda no TMI de 434 ± 15 metros para 398 ± 20 metros no GI (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Conclui-se que o treinamento muscular com dispositivo de carga pressórica linear é superior ao treinamento com incentivo inspiratório na capacidade funcional e da força muscular em pacientes submetidos à CRM. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Therapy Modalities , Muscle Strength , Myocardial Revascularization , Postoperative Period , Functional Residual Capacity
5.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 11(1): 68-74, Fev. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1252897

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Evidências mostram que existe correlação positiva entre o Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) e a qualidade do sono. A avaliação de como o IMC pode influenciar a qualidade do sono de pacientes no pós-operatório pode ser útil para tomada de decisão relacionada ao tratamento fisioterapêutico. OBJETIVO: Comparar a qualidade do sono em pacientes pós-cirurgia cardíaca em diferentes IMC. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade superior a 18 anos e submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio via esternotomia mediana e circulação extracorpórea foram incluídos. O Questionário do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh, que mede a qualidade retrospectiva do sono, foi aplicado, na alta da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), em pacientes de ambos os sexos agrupados por IMC em grupos eutrófico, sobrepeso e obesidade, para investigar as alterações no comportamento do sono pós-cirurgia cardíaca desses grupos. Pontuações de 0-4 indicam boa qualidade do sono e de 5-10 indicam qualidade ruim. Os dados foram expressos em média e desvio padrão. Para comparação entre os grupos o teste de ANOVA foi usado. Foi considerado como significativo um p<0,05. RESULTADOS: O estudo foi composto por 120 pacientes, com uma predominância do sexo masculino num total de 79 (65,83%) pacientes e idade em torno de 60,22 ± 1,34 anos. As pontuações das variáveis desse questionário como Duração do sono (Grupo eutrófico:0, sobrepeso:0, obesidade:2, p=0,02), Distúrbio do sono (Grupo eutrófico:1, sobrepeso:1, obesidade:2, p=0,01) e Disfunção diurna (Grupo eutrófico:1, sobrepeso:1, obesidade:2, p=0,04) foram estatisticamente significativos. Comparando a pontuação geral entre os grupos eutrófico:2, sobrepeso:5 e obesidade:10 identificou-se que a qualidade do sono tende a piorar à medida que o IMC aumenta. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes que apresentavam um IMC maior, como do grupo obesidade, apresentaram pior qualidade do sono, enquanto os pacientes do grupo eutrófico possuíram melhor qualidade do sono.


INTRODUCTION: Evidence shows that there is a positive correlation between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and sleep quality. The assessment of how the BMI can influence the sleep quality of patients in the postoperative period can be useful for decision making related to physiotherapeutic treatment. OBJECTIVES: To compare the sleep quality in patients undergoing CABG at different BMI. METHODS: Patients of both sexes, aged 18 years or over and submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were included. This is an observational study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire, which measures the retrospective sleep quality, was applied, upon discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in patients of both sexes grouped by BMI into eutrophic, overweight, and obesity groups to investigate changes in sleep behavior post-cardiac surgery in these groups. The data were expressed as means and standard deviations. For comparison between groups, the ANOVA test was used. P <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The study consisted of 120 patients, with a predominance of males in a total of 79 (65.83%) patients and age around 60,22 ± 1,34 years. The scores of the variables in this questionnaire such as Sleep Duration (Eutrophic Group:0, Overweight:0, Obesity:2, p=0.02), Sleep Disturbances (Eutrophic Group:1, Overweight:1, Obesity:2, p=0.01) and Daytime Dysfunction (Eutrophic Group:1, Overweight:1, Obesity:2, p=0.04) were statistically significant. Comparing the total score between the groups eutrophic:2, overweight:5, and obesity:10, it was found that sleep quality tends to worsen as the BMI increases. CONCLUSION: Patients with a higher BMI, as in the obesity group, had worse sleep quality, while patients in the eutrophic group had better sleep quality.


Subject(s)
Thoracic Surgery , Sleep , Body Mass Index
6.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(1): 60-66, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154525

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The European Heart Surgery Risk Assessment System (EuroSCORE) and InsCor have been used to predict complications of cardiac surgery. However, their application to predict lung function and functionality is still uncertain. Objective To correlate surgical risk scales with functional independence and pulmonary function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods This was a prospective cohort study. In the preoperative period, the two surgical scales were applied, the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured, and functionality was assessed using the functional independence measure (FIM). On the seventh postoperative day, the pulmonary function and functionality variables were reevaluated, compared with the preoperative values (delta) and correlated with the risk scales. Correlations of pulmonary function, functional independence and muscle strength variables with the surgical scales were made by Pearson correlation test. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results Thirty-one patients were studied; most were male (77%), with a mean age of 56±8 years. Mean EuroSCORE was 2.3±0.5 and mean InsCOR was 1.2±0.5. MIP, MEP, and PEF reduced 30% (p<0.001), 33% (p<0.001) and 10% (p=0.23), respectively. The EuroSCORE correlated with MIP (r-0.78; p = 0.02) and FIM (r-0.79; p <0.01), and the InsCor correlated with MIP (r-0.77), MEP (r-0.73) and MIF (r-0.89; p=0.02). Conclusion The EuroSCORE showed a strong negative correlation with MIP and FIM, while InsCor had a strong negative correlation with MIP, MEP and FIM. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment/methods , Functional Status , Myocardial Revascularization , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Care , Cardiovascular Diseases/surgery , Maximal Voluntary Ventilation , Prospective Studies , Muscle Strength
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 115(5): 862-870, nov. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1142247

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento Ainda não temos informações acerca do impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 sobre a atividade médica assistencial no Brasil. Objetivo Descrever as repercussões da pandemia da COVID-19 na rotina de atendimentos em um hospital terciário, referência regional em cardiologia e oncologia. Métodos Estudo de corte transversal. Foi realizado levantamento dos atendimentos no período de 23/03/2020 (fechamento do comércio local) até 23/04/2020 (P20) e comparado com o mesmo período em 2019 (P19).Resultados: Detectamos redução no número de consultas cardiológicas, teste ergométrico, Holter, monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial, eletrocardiograma e ecocardiograma (90%, 84%, 94%, 92%, 94% e 81%, respectivamente). Em relação à cirurgia cardíaca e cateterismo cardíaco, houve redução de 48% e 60%, respectivamente. Aumento no número de angioplastia transluminal coronária (33%) e de implante de marca-passo definitivo (29%). Houve 97 internamentos na UTI em P19, contra 78 em P20, redução de 20%. Diminuição dos atendimentos no pronto-socorro cardiológico (45%) e nos internamentos na enfermaria de cardiologia (36%). Houve diminuição nas consultas oncológicas de 30%. Sessões de quimioterapia reduziram de 1.944 para 1.066 (45%). Sessões de radioterapia diminuíram 19%. Conclusão A COVID-19 provocou redução considerável no número de consultas nos ambulatórios de cardiologia, oncologia e demais especialidades. Houve uma preocupante diminuição no número de cirurgias cardíacas e nas sessões de quimioterapia e radioterapia nas semanas iniciais da pandemia. A procura por atendimento no pronto-socorro cardiológico, assim como as internações na UTI e enfermaria cardiológicas, também reduziram, gerando preocupação acerca da evolução e prognóstico destes pacientes portadores de outras patologias, que não a COVID-19, nestes tempos de pandemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Abstract Background We still do not have information regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical care activity in Brazil. Objective To describe the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care routine of a tertiary hospital, which is a regional reference in cardiology and oncology. Methods Cross-sectional cohort study. We conducted a survey of medical visits from March 23, 2020 (when local commerce was closed) to April 23, 2020 (P20), in comparison with the same period in 2019 (P19). Results We found decreases in the number of cardiology consultations, exercise tests, Holter, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram (90%, 84%, 94%, 92%, 94%, and 81%, respectively). In relation to cardiac surgery and cardiac catheterization, there were 48% and 60% decreases, respectively. There was an increase in the number of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasties (33%) and definitive pacemaker implantations (29%). There were 97 admissions to the ICU during P19, in contrast with 78 during P20, a 20% decrease. Visits to the cardiac emergency room (45%) and admissions to the cardiology ward (36%) also decreased. The decrease in oncology consultations was 30%. Chemotherapy sessions decreased from 1,944 to 1,066 (45%), and radiotherapy sessions decreased by 19%. Conclusion COVID-19 has led to a considerable decrease in the number of consultations in outpatient clinics for cardiology, oncology, and other specialties. There was a concerning decrease in the number of cardiac surgeries, chemotherapy sessions, and radiotherapy sessions during the initial weeks of the pandemic. The number of people seeking care in the cardiac emergency room and the number of admissions to the cardiology ward and ICU also decreased, generating concern regarding the evolution and prognosis of these patients with pathologies other than COVID-19 during this pandemic time. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Betacoronavirus , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Pandemics , Tertiary Care Centers
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 34(6): 699-703, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057490

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the impact of different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on gas exchange in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with patients undergoing CABG surgery. Patients were randomized into three groups: Group 10, PEEP of 10 cmH2O; Group 12, PEEP of 12 cmH2O; and Group 15, PEEP of 15 cmH2O. After the randomization, all patients underwent gas analysis at three moments: (1) before lung expansion therapy (LET); (2) 30 minutes after LET; and (3) one hour after extubation. Results: Sixty-six patients were studied, of which 61.7% were men, with mean age of 64 ± 8.9 years. Patients allocated to Group 15 showed a significant improvement in gas exchange comparing pre- and post-expansion values (239±21 vs. 301±19, P<0,001) and the increase was maintained after extubation (278±26). Despite the use of high levels of PEEP, no significant hemodynamic change was evidenced. Conclusion: It is concluded that high levels of PEEP (15 cmH2O) are beneficial for the improvement of gas exchange in patients undergoing CABG.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/rehabilitation , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Blood Gas Analysis , Respiratory Mechanics , Pulmonary Gas Exchange , Airway Extubation , Hemodynamics
9.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 32(2): 104-109, mar.-abr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-987738

ABSTRACT

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a type of surgery where there is a compromise in one or more coronary arteries, with the objective of restoring function to the areas that have been compromised in the heart, possibly leading to respiratory compromise and postoperative complications. The return time of the pulmonary function to the preoperative condition is still indeterminate in the literature. Objective: To describe the behavior of pulmonary function after hospital discharge in patients submitted to CABG. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. Only patients undergoing MRI, whose lung function was evaluated preoperatively, at hospital discharge and 30 days after surgery, were evaluated. This evaluation consisted of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and expiratory (MEP), vital capacity (VC) and expiratory flow peak (EFP). Results: A total of 30 patients were evaluated, of which 18 (60%) were males, mean age 62 ± 9 years. A reduction in lung function from preoperative time to hospital discharge was observed in all variables. There was improvement in MIP (88 ± 9 vs 109 ± 5, p < 0.001), MEP (67 ± 10 for 90 ± 8, p < 0.001) and EFP (310 ± 59 for 390 ± 32, p < 0.001), high for review. At the time of the review, no variables returned to their preoperative value: MIP (116 ± 5 for 109 ± 5, p = 0.43), MEP (111 ± 8 for 90 ± 8, p < 0.001), VC (45 ± 12 for 39 ± 7, p = 0.33) and EFP (430 ± 40 for 390 ± 32, p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that MRI surgery reduces lung function and is not reestablished after 30 days of the procedure. Being the expiratory muscular force and the peak of expiratory flow the most affected


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Patient Discharge , Coronary Artery Bypass , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Postoperative Period , Quality of Life , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Brazil , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Prospective Studies , Coronary Vessels , Lung , Myocardial Infarction
10.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(3): 244-249, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-908894

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: A ventilação mecânica (VM) e a circulação extracorpórea (CEC) estão associadas a um declínio da mecânica pulmonar que pode impactar as trocas gasosas. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da mecânica pulmonar sobre a duração da VM e trocas gasosas no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Estudo de coorte realizado com pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação da mecânica pulmonar (complacência estática e resistência das vias aéreas) e gasometria arterial assim que admitidos à unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e foram acompanhados até o momento da extubação e, em seguida, até a alta hospitalar. Para correlacionar as variáveis preditoras com o desfecho, foi utilizado o teste de Pearson. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 50 pacientes (46 mulheres, 52%), com idade média de 57,5 ± 13,5 anos. A duração da VM foi de 7,7 ± 3,0 horas, a complacência estática foi de 35,5 ± 9,1 cm H2O, a resistência foi de 6,0 ± 2,3 cm H2O, a duração média de estadia na UTI foi de 2,9 ± 1,1 dias e o índice de oxigenação foi de 228,0 ± 33,4 mmHg. Não houve uma correlação significativa entre a duração da VM e a complacência estática (p = 0,73), porém houve uma forte correlação entre a complacência estática e as trocas gasosas (r = 0,8, p < 0,001). Conclusão: A mecânica pulmonar apresenta forte correlação com as trocas gasosas e fraca correlação com a duração da VM no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca


Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) and extracorporeal circulation (ECC) are associated with a decline in pulmonary mechanics that may affect gas exchange. Objective: To evaluate the impact of pulmonary mechanics on MV duration and gas exchange in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Methods: This was a cohort study in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. All patients underwent evaluation of pulmonary mechanics (static compliance and airway resistance) and arterial blood gas analysis upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and were followed up until extubation and hospital discharge. Results: The study included 50 patients (46 women, 52%) with a mean age of 57.5 ± 13.5 years. The MV duration was 7.7 ± 3.0 hours, static compliance was 35.5 ± 9.1 cm H2O, resistance was 6.0 ± 2.3 cm H2O, mean length of ICU stay was 2.9 ± 1.1 days, and oxygenation index was 228.0 ± 33.4 mmHg. No significant correlation was found between MV duration and static compliance (p = 0.73), but a strong correlation was found between static compliance and gas exchange (r = 0.8 and p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pulmonary mechanics have a strong correlation with gas exchange and a weak correlation with MV duration after cardiac surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Postoperative Care , Respiration, Artificial , Thoracic Surgery , Oxygenation , Therapeutics , Respiratory Mechanics , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Cohort Studies , Extracorporeal Circulation/methods , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Intensive Care Units
11.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 8(2): 175-182, maio, 2018. tab ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-912925

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A Mensuração da Independência Funcional (MIF) é utilizada para avaliar a condição funcional dos pacientes sendo dividida em domínios aplicada nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca devido ao seu alto potencial de efeitos deletérios. Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento dos domínios da MIF em pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte. No momento da admissão hospitalar foi avaliada a funcionalidade através da MIF e computado os seis domínios. No dia da alta da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) foi novamente aplicada a MIF para comparação com o pré-operatório e correlação com o tempo de permanência na UTI. Resultados: Foram analisados 38 pacientes sendo 21 (55,3%) homens, a média de idade 57,3 ± 13,3 anos. O tempo médio de estadia na UTI 2,9 ± 1,3 dias sendo a MIF pré 125,7 ± 0,5 e a pós 87,4 ±16,8 (p <0,001). Em relação aos domínios percebeu-se uma redução em todos com exceção da Comunicação que passou de 14 para 13,1 ± 2,1 (p=0,24) e Cognição 20,9 ± 0,1 para 19,2 ± 4,4 (p=0,24). Porém, percebeu-se uma correlação forte entre o tempo de permanência na UTI com os domínios comunicação (r -0,76 e p < 0,01) e cognição (r -0,77 e p<0,01). Conclusão: Conclui-se que a funcionalidade é reduzida devido a cirurgia cardíaca e que o tempo de permanência na UTI tem relação direta com a piora da comunicação e cognição. [AU]


Introduction: Functional Independence Measurement (MIF) is used to evaluate the functional status of patients being divided into domains and should be applied in patients undergoing cardiac surgery due to their high potential for deleterious effects. Objective: To analyze the behavior of MIF domains in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization. Materials and Methods: This is a cohort study. At the time of hospital admission, the functionality was evaluated through the MIF and computed the six domains. After the surgery on the day of discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the MIF was again applied for comparison with the preoperative period and correlation with the length of stay in the ICU. Results: A total of 38 patients were analyzed: 21 (55.3%) men, mean age was 57.3 ± 13.3 years. The mean ICU stay was 2.9 ± 1.3 days, with a FIM of 125.7 ± 0.5 and a mean of 87.4 ± 16.8 (p <0.001). In relation to the domains, a reduction was observed in all of them, with the exception of Communication from 14 to 13.1 ± 2.1 (p = 0.24) and Cognition 20.9 ± 0.1 to 19.2 ± 4, 4 (p = 0.24). However, there was a strong correlation between ICU stay time with the communication domains (r -0.76 and p <0.01) and cognition (r -0.77 and p <0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that the functionality is reduced due to cardiac surgery and that the time spent in the ICU is directly related to the worsening of communication and cognition. [AU]


Subject(s)
Intensive Care Units , International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health , Thoracic Surgery
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 32(4): 295-300, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897926

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: During and after coronary artery bypass grafting, a decline in multifactor lung function is observed. Due to this fact, some patients may benefit from non-invasive ventilation after extubation targeting lung expansion and consequently improved oxygenation. Objective: To test the hypothesis that higher levels of positive end expiration pressure during non-invasive ventilation improves oxygenation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia in Feira de Santana. On the first day after surgery, the patients were randomized: Group PEEP 10, Group PEEP 12 and Group PEEP 15 who underwent non-invasive ventilation with positive end expiration pressure level. All patients were submitted to analysis blood pressure oxygen (PaO2), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2). Results: Thirty patients were analyzed, 10 in each group, with 63.3% men with a mean age of 61.1±12.2 years. Mean pulmonary expansion pre-therapy PaO2 was generally 121.9±21.6 to 136.1±17.6 without statistical significance in the evaluation among the groups. This was also present in PaO2/FiO2 and SaO2. Statistical significance was only present in pre and post PEEP 15 when assessing the PaO2 and SaO2 (P=0.02). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, non-invasive ventilation with PEEP 15 represented an improvement in oxygenation levels of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Oxygen/blood , Pulmonary Gas Exchange/physiology , Coronary Artery Bypass , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Noninvasive Ventilation/methods , Postoperative Period , Time Factors
13.
ABCS health sci ; 42(1): 3-7, 26 abr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-833069

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca (CC) necessitam de ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo que um tempo prolongado de VMI pode levar a um aumento do tempo de permanência na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). OBJETIVO: Verificar se o tempo de VMI interfere no tempo de internação em UTI. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados, prospectivamente, pacientes submetidos à CC e que permaneceram por um tempo inferior a 24 horas na VMI. Foram selecionados 69 pacientes, os quais foram admitidos na UTI e acompanhados até o momento da extubação. Com esse dado encontrou-se o tempo que permaneceram em VMI e, depois, quantos dias permaneceram internados na UTI até o momento da alta da unidade. RESULTADOS: A maior parte dos pacientes submetidos à CC foi do sexo masculino (56,5%); a idade média foi de 55,93±14,29 anos; o tipo de cirurgia mais prevalente foi a revascularização miocárdica (71,0%); o tempo médio de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) foi de 65,05±20,06 minutos; o tempo médio de internação na UTI foi de 2,18±1,10 dias; o tempo de VMI foi de 7,32±2,66 horas. Não se verificou significância estatística entre essas duas últimas variáveis com um p=0,43. CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que não houve correlação entre o tempo de ventilação mecânica e tempo de internação em UTI em pacientes que não apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias imediatas e que permaneceram menos de 12 horas sob ventilação mecânica.


INTRODUCTION: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery (CS) require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) after surgery and a prolonged IMV can lead to an increased length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE: To determine if the length of IMV interferes in ICU length of stay. METHODS: Patients undergoing CS and that remained less than 24 hours on IMV were prospectively analyzed. A total of 69 selected patients were admitted to the ICU and followed until extubation. With this information, it was possible to know the time that they remained in IMV and then how many days they stayed in the ICU until the time of discharge from the unit. RESULTS: Most patients undergoing CS were male (56.5%); the mean age was 55.93±14.29 years; the most prevalent type of surgery was myocardial revascularization (71.0%); the average time of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was 65.05±20.06 minutes; the average length of stay in ICU was 2.18±1.10 days; the IMV time was 7.32±2.66 hours. There was no statistical significance between these two last variables with p=0.43. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that there was no correlation between the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay in patients without immediate postoperative complications and who spent less than 12 hours of mechanical ventilation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Respiration, Artificial , Thoracic Surgery , Inpatients , Intensive Care Units
14.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 30(2): f:123-l:127, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-833909

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: As doenças cardiovasculares têm aumentado em todo o mundo nas últimas décadas devido ao aumento na ocorrência de fatores desencadeantes. No período pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular, os pacientes experimentam um declínio funcional, que pode ser potencializado pelo tempo de internação hospitalar. Portanto, é importante avaliar a capacidade funcional destes pacientes. Objetivo: Comparar o tempo de internação hospitalar com a velocidade da marcha em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Método: Estudo de coorte prospectivo, realizado no Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia (Incardio) da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (Feira de Santana, Bahia). Na alta hospitalar, todos os pacientes foram avaliados com o teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6). O tempo de internação hospitalar no período pós-operatório foi também registrado no momento da avaliação e correlacionado com a velocidade da marcha. Utilizamos o teste de KolmogorovSmirnov para avaliar a suposição de normalidade e a correlação de Spearman para correlacionar a velocidade da marcha com a idade, tempo de hospitalização e com a duração da circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e da ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI). Todas as conclusões foram baseadas em um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Ao todo, 64 pacientes foram incluídos (33 homens [51,5%], idade média 57,2 ± 14,06 anos). A distância média percorrida pelos pacientes foi de 375,8 ± 197,6 metros, a média da velocidade da marcha foi de 0,98 ± 0,53 m/s e a média de permanência hospitalar foi de 8,2 ± 2,3 dias. Foi observada uma fraca correlação entre o tempo de internação hospitalar e a velocidade da marcha (r = 0,27 e p = 0,02). Conclusão: A duração da hospitalização mostrou uma fraca correlação com a velocidade da marcha na alta hospitalar em uma amostra de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca


Background: Cardiovascular diseases have been increasing worldwide in recent decades due to the increased occurrence of triggering factors. In the postoperative period of cardiovascular surgery, patients experience a functional decline, which may be potentiated by the length of hospital stay. Therefore, it is important to evaluate these patients' functional capacity. Objective: To compare the length of hospital stay with the gait speed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery Method: Prospective, cohort study carried out at the Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia (Incardio) at Santa Casa de Misericórdia (Feira de Santana, Bahia). Upon discharge, all patients were evaluated with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). The length of hospital stay in the postoperative period was also recorded at the same time and correlate with the gait speed. We used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to evaluate the assumption of normality, and Spearman's correlation to correlate the gait velocity with age, length of hospital stay, and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). All conclusions were based on a significance level of 5%. Results: In all, 64 patients were included (33 males [51.5%], mean age 57.2 ± 14.06 years). The mean distance walked by the patients was 375.8 ± 197.6 meters, the mean gait speed was 0.98 ± 0.53 m/s, and the mean hospital stay was 8.2 ± 2.3 days. A weak correlation was observed between the length of hospital stay and gait speed (r = 0.27 and p = 0.02). Conclusion: The length of hospital stay correlated weakly with the gait speed upon hospital discharge in a sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Extracorporeal Circulation , Hospitalization/trends , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Outflow Velocity Measurement , Walking , Age Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/surgery , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Respiratory Tract Infections/therapy , Sex Factors , Data Interpretation, Statistical
15.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(5): f:385-l:389, set.-out. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832723

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: A cirurgia cardíaca pode levar a um declínio da função pulmonar e periférica. O EuroSCORE avalia o risco da cirurgia cardíaca, e a mensuração da independência funcional verifica a capacidade para desempenhar atividades funcionais. Objetivo: Identificar a correlação entre uma escala de risco cardíaco e a funcionalidade de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal prospectivo, realizado com pacientes submetidos à avaliação da funcionalidade no período pré-operatório, por meio da mensuração da independência funcional e de avaliação pelo EuroSCORE, afim de estabelecer o nível de risco para a cirurgia cardíaca. Após o procedimento cirúrgico, no primeiro dia após alta da unidade de terapia intensiva, a mensuração da independência funcional foi reavaliada e comparada com o valor inicial. Resultados: Incluímos 52 pacientes (55,8% homens) com média de idade de 56,9 ± 14,2 anos. A média da mensuração da independência funcional pré-operatória foi de 125,4 e a pós-operatória 106,78. Foi aplicado o teste t, que mostrou redução significativa entre os períodos analisados, com o valor de p = 0,000. Ao correlacionar os valores da mensuração da independência funcional pós-operatória com o risco cardíaco, observou-se relação importante, sendo p = 0,006 e r = -0.37. Conclusão: Uma avaliação pré-operatória demonstrando um maior risco cardíaco tem impacto negativo sobre a funcionalidade de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca


Background: Cardiac surgery can lead to a decline in lung and peripheral function. EuroSCORE is a scale that assesses cardiac surgery risk and the measurement of functional independence evaluates the ability to perform functional activities. Objective: To identify the correlation between a cardiac risk scale and functionality in patients undergoing CS. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study, carried out with patients submitted to functional evaluation in the preoperative period, through the measurement of functional independence and evaluation by the EuroSCORE, to establish the level of risk for cardiac surgery. After the surgical procedure, on the first day after discharge from the intensive care unit, the functional independence measurement (FIM) was reevaluated and compared to the initial value. Results: We included 52 patients (55.8% men) with a mean age of 56.9 ± 14.2 years. The mean preoperative and postoperative FIM values were 125.4 and 106.78. The t test was performed, which showed a significant reduction between the analyzed periods, with a value of p = 0.000. By correlating the postoperative FIM values with the cardiac risk, it was observed that there was an important association, with p = 0.006 and r = -0.37. Conclusion: We concluded that a preoperative assessment showing an increased cardiac risk has a negative impact on the functionality of patients undergoing cardiac surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Myocardial Infarction/surgery , Risk Factors , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Aortic Valve/surgery , Mitral Valve/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Patient Care/methods , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 31(2): 140-144, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792652

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Cardiac surgery is a highly complex procedure which generates worsening of lung function and decreased inspiratory muscle strength. The inspiratory muscle training becomes effective for muscle strengthening and can improve functional capacity. Objective: To investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on functional capacity submaximal and inspiratory muscle strength in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: This is a clinical randomized controlled trial with patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia. Patients were divided into two groups: control group and training. Preoperatively, were assessed the maximum inspiratory pressure and the distance covered in a 6-minute walk test. From the third postoperative day, the control group was managed according to the routine of the unit while the training group underwent daily protocol of respiratory muscle training until the day of discharge. Results: 50 patients, 27 (54%) males were included, with a mean age of 56.7±13.9 years. After the analysis, the training group had significant increase in maximum inspiratory pressure (69.5±14.9 vs. 83.1±19.1 cmH2O, P=0.0073) and 6-minute walk test (422.4±102.8 vs. 502.4±112.8 m, P=0.0031). Conclusion: We conclude that inspiratory muscle training was effective in improving functional capacity submaximal and inspiratory muscle strength in this sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Breathing Exercises/methods , Coronary Artery Bypass/rehabilitation , Heart Valve Diseases/rehabilitation , Postoperative Care/rehabilitation , Inhalation/physiology , Muscle Strength/physiology , Walk Test , Maximal Respiratory Pressures/methods , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data
17.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(2): 134-138, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in French | LILACS | ID: biblio-831104

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Nos últimos anos houve aumento do número de cirurgias cardíacas (CC). Estas são acompanhadas por processos complexos que possibilitam complicações. A ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) pode gerar acentuada redução da força muscular respiratória e periférica, sendo encontrados atualmente protocolos de desmame e mobilização precoce, que visam diminuir o tempo de VMI.Objetivo: Correlacionar o tempo de VMI sobre a força muscular periférica em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Estudo transversal prospectivo, realizado com pacientes da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de hospital de referência em cardiologia da cidade de Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil, no período de abril de 2014 a agosto de 2015. Os pacientes foram avaliados no período pré-operatório em relação a sua força muscular periférica através da escala da Medical Research Council (MRC). Foi anotado o tempo de VMI durante a cirurgia. Após 12 horas do procedimento cirúrgico houve reavaliação da força muscular periférica pelo MRC. Resultados: Estudados 69 pacientes (56,5% homens) com média de idade 55,9±14,2 anos. Verificadas diferenças significativas entre o tempo de assistência ventilatória invasiva (7,3±2,6 horas) e redução da força muscular periférica final (47,5±3,8) através do MRC, com p=0,0001. Também se correlacionou o MRC inicial e final (59,8±0,5 vs. 47,5±3,8;p=0,21) e o tempo de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e MRC final (65,1±20,1 minutos vs. 47,5±3,8; p=0,74). Conclusão: Observou-se que o maior tempo de VMI ocasionou redução da força muscular periférica de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca.


Background: In recent years, there has been an increasing number of heart surgeries (HS). These are accompanied by complex processes that lead to complications. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) can cause severe reduction in respiratory and peripheral muscle strength. Protocols of early weaning and mobilization are currently found, aimed at reducing IMV time. Objective: To correlate IMV time on peripheral muscle strength in patients undergoing heart surgery. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study involving patients from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a reference cardiology hospital in the city of Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil, from April 2014 to August 2015. The patients were evaluated preoperatively regarding their peripheral muscle strength through the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. IMV time during surgery was noted down. After 12 hours of surgery, peripheral muscle strength was re-evaluated using the MRC scale. Results: The study included 69 patients (56.5% men) with mean age of 52.5±16.9 years. Significant differences were found between invasive ventilatory assistance time (7.3±2.6 hours) and reduction in final peripheral muscle strength (47.5±3.8) through the MRC scale, with p=0.0001. Initial and final MRC (59.8±0.5 vs. 47.5±3.8; p=0.21) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and final MRC (65.1±20.1 minutes vs. 47.5±3.8; p=0.74) were also correlated. Conclusion: It was found that longer IMV time caused a reduction in peripheral muscle strength in patients undergoing heart surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Heart Diseases/surgery , Heart Diseases/therapy , Postoperative Care/methods , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Thoracic Surgery , Extracorporeal Circulation , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Risk Factors , Data Interpretation, Statistical
18.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 28(6): 480-486, nov.-dez. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-788766

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Nas últimas décadas a fisioterapia vem se destacando no manejo de pacientes submetidos à cirurgiacardíaca, e a deambulação é um tipo de exercício bem tolerado pelos pacientes.Objetivos: Avaliar as alterações fisiológicas da caminhada e verificar a correlação com o tempo de internamentohospitalar no pós de cirurgia cardíaca (CC).Métodos: Realizado ensaio clínico transversal, quantitativo e observacional. Foram selecionados 30 pacientes.Avaliadas as variáveis hemodinâmicas: frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD)e duplo-produto (DP); e respiratórias: frequência respiratória (FR) e saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), umminuto antes de andar e imediatamente após o término da caminhada.Resultados: Constatou-se elevação na: PAS 112,0±11,9 mmHg para 118,2±19,1 mmHg (p=0,06); FC final 94,1±17,6 bpmpara 81,7±14,6 bpm (p=0,00); DP 9166,0±2041,6 para 11230,7±3441,3 (p=0,00); e PAD 74,0±18,7 mmHg para77,3±11,7 mmHg (p=0,27). Já a FR 19,4±4,4 ipm para 24,0±4,4 ipm (p=0,00); e a SpO2 95,3±2,4% para 94,9±3,2%(p=0,53). Observou-se também correlação significativa entre a variação da FC, do DP e da PAS pós-exercício.Conclusões: A caminhada gerou efeitos hemodinâmicos sobre a FC e o DP e alteração da FR. A FC, o DP e a PASpós apresentaram relação direta com o tempo de permanência hospitalar.


Background: In the past decades, physical therapy has been outstanding in the management of patients undergoing heart surgeryand walking is a type of exercise well tolerated by patients.Objectives: To evaluate the physiological changes from walking and the correlation with hospital stay after heart surgery (HS).Methods: Cross-sectional quantitative observational clinical trial has been conducted. Thirty 30 patients were selected. The followinghemodynamic variables have been evaluated: heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) anddouble product (DP); as well as the following respiratory variables: respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (PO2S), oneminute before walking and immediately after the end of the walk.Results: The following rates were increased: SBP 112.0±11.9 mmHg to 118.2±19.1 mmHg (p=0.06); end HR 94.1±17.6 bpm to81.7±14.6 bpm (p=0.00); DP 9166.0±2041.6 to 11230.7±3441.3 (p=0.00); and DBP 74.0±18.7 mmHg to 77.3±11.7 mmHg (p=0.27).RR increased from 19.4±4.4 ipm to 24.0±4.4 ipm (p=0.00); and PO2S 95.3±2.4% to 94.9±3.2% (p=0.53). There was also a significantcorrelation between the variation of HR, DP and SBP after exercise.Conclusions: Walking generated hemodynamic effects over HR, DP, and changes in RR. HR, DP and SBP after heart surgery hada direct relationship with the length of hospital stay.


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Therapy Specialty , Thoracic Surgery , Walking , Clinical Studies as Topic
19.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 28(5): 385-391, set.-out. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-786804

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Apesar do avanço tecnológico que visa a prolongar a qualidade de vida de pacientes submetidos acirurgia cardíaca, esse procedimento ainda é considerado de alta complexidade. A deambulação precoce é uma alternativa para melhorar a capacidade pulmonar, o condicionamento cardiovascular e o aumento do desempenho funcional. Objetivos: Avaliar o impacto da deambulação precoce sobre o tempo de internação na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e hospitalar em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 49 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e admitidos na UTI, no período de outubro de 2014 a abril de 2015. Os pacientes foram estratificados em dois grupos: com e semdeambulação precoce. Deambulação precoce definida como o ato de caminhar até o terceiro dia de internação na UTI. Análise estatística realizada para verificar a existência de modificações no tempo de permanência hospitalare UTI entre os dois grupos de deambulação.Resultados: Foram estudados 49 pacientes, dos quais 55,1% homens, média de idade 55,2±13,9 anos, internados na UTI em decorrência de cirurgia cardíaca no período do estudo. Não se observou correlação estatística entre o ato de deambular precocemente com o tempo de permanência na UTI cardíaca (3,0±1,5 dias vs. 2,8±1,1 dias, p=0,819) e hospitalar (5,4±3,3 dias vs. 5,3±2,6 dias, p=0,903).Conclusão: A deambulação precoce não se associou a um menor tempo de permanência na UTI ou hospitalar.


Background: Despite the technological advances aimed to extend the quality of life of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, such procedure is still deemed a highly complex intervention. Early ambulation is an alternative to improve lung capacity, cardiovascular fitness and increased functional performance. Objective: Assess the impact of early ambulation on the length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and in hospital, for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 49 patients undergoing cardiac surgery and admitted to the ICU from October 2014 to April 2015. Patients were stratified into two groups: with and without early ambulation. Early ambulation is the act of walking up to the third day of ICU admission. Statistical analysis performed to check for changes in the length of stay in ICU and in hospital between the two groups of ambulation. Results: The study observed 49 patients (55.1% men) with mean age of 55.2±13.9 years, admitted to the ICU due to cardiac surgery carried out during the study period. No statistical correlation was found between early ambulation and the length of stay in cardiac ICU (3.0±1.5 days vs. 2.8±1.1 days, p=0.819) and in hospital (5.4±3.3 days vs. 5.3±2.6 days, p=0.903).Conclusion: Early ambulation is not related to a shorter length of stay in ICU or in hospital.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Thoracic Surgery/trends , Postoperative Care/trends , Early Ambulation/methods , Early Ambulation/trends , Hospitalization , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Heart Diseases/mortality , Intensive Care Units , Data Interpretation, Statistical
20.
Fisioter. Bras ; 14(1): 44-48, Jan.-Fev. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-745321

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A cirurgia cardíaca aberta de revascularização domiocárdio (RM) por ser um procedimento muito invasivo e degrande porte, predispõe o paciente a muitas complicações pulmonaresas quais causam impacto na função pulmonar. Objetivo:Avaliar e comparar a função pulmonar no pré e pós-operatório depacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca aberta de revascularizaçãodo miocárdio de um hospital filantrópico de Feira de Santana/Bahia. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de caráter coorteprospectivo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e no ambulatório deum hospital filantrópico de Feira de Santana. Foram avaliados 9pacientes com média de idade 62,44 ± 10,69 anos, peso 62,55 ±12,5 kg, altura 161,4 ± 1,075 cm, IMC 23,41 ± 3,55, no períodopré-operatório e no 1º DPO. Foi realizada avaliação clínica e funcionalcom anamnese e testes espirométricos, de ventilometria e deforça muscular. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que houveperda significativa, com redução do VEF1, da CVF e da CV (p <0,0005) quando comparados os valores pré-operatórios com os do1º DPO, enquanto que as demais variáveis de força muscular, VEe VT não apresentaram diferença estatística significativa no períodoavaliado. Conclusão: A cirurgia de RM associa-se a um decréscimona função pulmonar em todos os pacientes, apresentando reduçãoimportante nos valores de VEF1, da CVF e da CV.


Introduction: Open heart surgery and myocardial revascularization(MR) is a very invasive procedure that predisposes patients tomany pulmonary complications and causes impact on lung function.Objective: To evaluate and compare the pre and postsurgicalpulmonary function in patients undergoing open heart surgery ofmyocardial revascularization in a philanthropic hospital in Feira deSantana/BA. Methods: Was performed a prospective cohort study inthe Intensive Care Unit and ambulatory of a philanthropic hospitalin Feira de Santana. We evaluated 9 patients with mean age 62.44 ±10.69 years, weight 12.5 ± 62.55 kg, height 161.4 ± 1.075 cm, BMI23.41 ± 3.55 kg/m2 in the preoperative period and the 1st DPO.Clinical and functional evaluation was performed with anamneseand spirometry tests (pulmonary and muscle strength). Results: Theresults showed that there was significant loss, with reduced FEV1,FVC and VC (p < 0.0005) when compared to preoperative valueswith the 1st POD, while the other variables of muscle strength, VEand VT showed no statistically significant difference in the studyperiod. Conclusion: MR surgery is associated with decrease in lungfunction in all patients, showing significant reduction in FEV1,FVC and VC.


Subject(s)
Intensive Care Units , Myocardial Revascularization , Spirometry , Thoracic Surgery , Lung , Muscle Strength , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period
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